Caput Succedaneum Marked by localized soft tissue edema Poorly defined margin Caused by pressure of fetal head on maternal cervix during labor Present at birth Does not increase in size Swelling crosses suture lines Disappears in a few days Complications are rare Cephalhematoma Soft fluctuant localized swelling Well defined margin Caused by subperiosteal hemorrhage Appears […]
Read More →Method to examine For palpation of undescended Right testis, place your left hand lateral to the deep inguinal ring Press down with your left hand , moving it along the inguinal canal to the pubic tubercle to ‘mil’ the testis down the inguinal canal. Once the left hand is at the pubic tubercle, determine the […]
Read More →The tongue has both motor and sensory functions. You can always ask the child about taste sensations. For the motor function, Ask the child to open the mouth and protrude the tongue. You can also ask the child to move the tongue from side to side to see the motor component If you are looking […]
Read More →There are 2 main variations that can be seen. Kyphosis and scoliosis Kyphosis is backward bending of the vertebral column Scoliosis is lateral bending of the vertebral column Common Causes Congenital Ankylosing spondylitis Rheumatoid arthritis Rickets Neurofibromatosis Friedrich’s ataxia Cerebral palsy Marfan syndrome Turners syndrome Method to diagnose scoliosis Request the child to remove their […]
Read More →Causes of Delayed closure of Anterior Fontanelle Rickets Congenital hypothyroidism Achondroplasia Hydrocephalus Downs syndrome Causes of bulging anterior fontanelle Increase intracranial pressure Hydrocephalus Crying infant Galactosemia Causes of high arched palate Downs syndrome Marfan syndrome Crouzon syndrome Apert syndrome Turners syndrome Causes of Frontal bone bossing Thalassemia major Rickets Congenital syphilis Hydrocephalus Acromegaly […]
Read More →Hypotonia Low muscle tone is a common finding. Remember the following points Causes of Hypotonia In newborns Anterior Horn cell disorders like Hypoxic-ischaemic myelopathy, Spinal muscular atrophy Congenital myelopathy like Charcot Marie Tooth disease Neuromuscular junction disorders like Congenital myasthenia Congenital myopathy like Nemaline myopathy Muscular dystrophy Syndromes- like Downs syndrome, Prader Willi syndrome, Hypothyroidism, […]
Read More →Palpation of abdomen structures Principles Always stand on the right side of the patient(if you are right-handed) Get the patient to lie supine on the bed Ask the patient to flex the legs at knee joint Expose the abdomen up to the chest and below up to the inguinal canal. Ask the patient if there […]
Read More →Palpation of abdomen structures Principles Always stand on the right side of the patient(if you are right-handed) Get the patient to lie supine on the bed Ask the patient to flex the legs at knee joint Expose the abdomen up to the chest and below up to the inguinal canal. Ask the patient if there […]
Read More →Principles Always stand on the right side of the patient(if you are right-handed) Get the patient to lie supine on the bed Ask the patient to flex the legs at knee joint Expose the abdomen up to the chest and below up to the inguinal canal. Ask the patient if there is any tenderness before […]
Read More →Aim To optimize gas exchange Help patient work of breathing Minimize ventilator-induced lung injury Objectives of Mechanical Ventilation • Improved pulmonary gas exchange • Relief of respiratory distress • Management of pulmonary mechanisms • Provide airway protection • Provide general cardiopulmonary support Indications of Mechanical Ventilation 1 Respiratory failure Apnea Respiratory arrest Inadequate ventilation Inadequate […]
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