CAUSES

Respiratory disease

• Asthma

• Cystic fibrosis

• Interstitial lung disease

• Tuberculosis

• Malignancy

• Pneumonia

• Lung Abscess

• Pneumoconiosis

• Sarcoidosis

Connective tissue disease

• Marfan’s syndrome

• Ehler Danlos syndrome

Lung cysts

• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis

• Langerhans cell histiocytosis X

• Tuberous sclerosis

• Neurofibromatosis

Iatrogenic

• Pleural Aspiration

• Pleural Biopsy

• Thoracocentesis

Trauma

CLINICAL SIGNS OF PNEUMOTHORAX

• Tracheal deviation (To opposite side)

• Mediastinal shift(Apex beat displacement)

• Raised Venous pressure

MANAGEMENT

*BTS guidelines on management of pneumothorax

SIZE OF THE CHEST DRAIN

There is no evidence that large tubes are better than smaller tubes(10-14F)

SITE OF ASPIRATION

Large bore cannula into the second intercostal space midaxillary line on the affected side