Ask the patient to lie supine on the bed Stand on the right side of patient Place your hand over the left side of chest over the lower sternum such that the fingers of your hand spread at the intercostal spaces. Feel for the maximal impulse If unable to feel, ask the patient to lean […]
Read More →Systolic murmurs Ejection systolic Starts after S1 and ends before S2 Conditions Aortic stenosis Pulmonary stenosis Atrial septal defect Pan systolic Starts with S1 and continues through S2 Conditions Mitral regurgitation Tricuspid regurgitations Ventricular septal defect Late systolic Mitral valve prolapse Papillary muscle dysfunction Diastolic murmurs Early diastolic Aortic regurgitation Pulmonary regurgitation Mid diastolic Mitral […]
Read More →Pulsations can be felt at the following areas. Carotid pulsation Aortic regurgitation Aortic aneurysm Thyrotoxicosis Fever Anaemia Suprasternal notch pulsations Hyperkinetic states- anaemia Thyrotoxicosis, fever Aortic regurgitation Coarctation of aorta Aortic aneurysm Pulsation at pulmonary area Patent ductus arteriosus Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Pulmonary hypertension Pulsation at Left parasternal area Ventricular septal defect […]
Read More →S1 consists of the simultaneous closure of Mitral and Tricuspid valve. It is a low frequency sound, occurring at the beginning of systole. Its best heard over the apex The S1 can have many variations which could hint to the diagnosis. Types of S1 Loud S1 Mitral stenosis Sinus tachycardia Hyperkinetic circulation due to fever, anaemia, […]
Read More →Mitral area Systolic Myocardial infarction Ventricular septal defect Atrial septal defect Diastolic Mitral stenosis Left atrial myxoma Aortic area Aortic stenosis Diastolic thrill of Aortic regurgitation Pulmonary area Pulmonary stenosis Atrial septal defect High velocity Ventricular septal defect Tetralogy of Fallot Patent ductus arteriosus Tricuspid area Ventricular septal defect Tricuspid regurgitation Atrial septal defect Pulmonary […]
Read More →It’s the area on the anterior chest wall which lies over the heart Variations During inspection of the chest wall look for the following variations. Bulging precordium This could mean chronic cardiac condition The common causes are- Ventricular Septal Defect Rheumatic heart disease Pericardial effusion Scoliosis Mediastinal tumours Left pleural effusion Flattening precordium The chest […]
Read More →AS- Aortic stenosis ASD- atrial septal defect BT shunt- Blalock tausing shunt Fallot- Tetralogy of fallot PDA- patent ductus arteriosus PS- pulmonary stenosis MR- mitral regurgitation TGA- Transposition of great arteries ULSE- upper left sternal area URSE- upper right sternal area LLSE- Lower left sternal area VSD- ventricular septal defect
Read More →Down syndrome AVSD Ventricular septal defects Patent ductus arteriosus Aberrant subclavian artery Edwards syndrome Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defect Patent ductus arteriosus Coarctation of aorta Patau syndrome Atrial septal defect Ventricular septal defects Patent ductus arteriosus Coarctation of aorta Turner syndrome Bicuspid aortic valve Coarctation of aorta Aortic stenosis Chromosome 22 microdeletion Aortic arch […]
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